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Changes in fertility characteristics and population structures in Southern and Eastern Europe: interrelationships and contexts
Kahoun, Lukáš ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Changes in fertility characteristics and population structures in Southern and Eastern Europe: interrelationships and contexts Abstract There were significant changes in fertility characteristics and population structures between 1970 and 2020 in both Southern and Eastern Europe. This transition is associated with the concept of the second demographic transition by some authors. An unconventional methodology is used for its research in this thesis. Two three-dimensional scatter plots, which at the same time form unit cubes, are constructed using three selected indicators of both changes (fertility and structures). The distance between individual observations by examined years is interpreted as the dynamics of the transition of the given decades. The dynamics values from both scatter plots are then analyzed and compared with the others. The results show that changes between fertility characteristics and population structures are related to a certain extent, but the observed differences between regions or the specifics of some states complicate the generalization of this relationship. These conclusions also agree with the literature published so far. Key words: fertility, population structures, second demographic transition, data visualization, three-dimensional scatter plot Character count: 149 752
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Changes in population structures in the European Union countries based on census data
Kahoun, Lukáš ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Maláková, Kateřina (referee)
Changes in population structures in the European Union countries based on census data Abstract Population structures have undergone dynamic development in recent decades. This thesis focuses on the development of structure by age, marital status, economic activity and education in 1991-2011. The thesis primarily uses census data, because they have unified methodology across EU countries. In particular, the thesis analyses the state and the change in the shares of the different structure categories, but also uses more detailed analytical methods. According to the results of the age structure analysis, all observed countries have aged considerably, which also influenced the development of other structures. The dominant trend in other structures was the rise in the share of single and widowed people, economically active women and higher-educated people. The thesis also deals with the influence of geographical location on the researched structures. Bigger homogeneity of structural changes was observed among geographically close countries. Key words: population structures, age, marital status, economic activity, education, Europe, census data
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Chrudim region in the half of 17th century - demographic and social structure
Kačerová, Eva ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Závodský, Prokop (referee)
The aim of the submitted thesis is to give an overall picture of the demographic structure of the population of the Chrudim region after the end of the Thirty Years War as recorded in the List of Serfs according to Faith of 1651. Each individual was listed according to name, occupation or relationship to household head, age and religious status. The List recorded 46 626 persons of the Chrudim region. This List did not avoid the rounding-off the age of the people and failed to record consistently the infant part of the population. One of the main aims is to provide an estimate of the child component of the population. The basic prerequisite for estimating the number of children under the age of 12 was that women (men) of the same age in various parts of the estates had on average the same or at least a similar number of children in the individual age groups. Mathematical models eliminating rounding the age of the people consist in formalisation of thinking the way people could rounding their age. One possibility is hypothesis that closer their real age was to some favourite age (multiples 10, 5, even numbers) so much the more they rounded their age for this favourite values. Another possibility presents hypothesis of uniform tendency to rounding within the frame of determinate interval. The last...
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